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Flat belt drive in the machine shop at the A belt is a loop of flexible material used to link two or more rotating mechanically, most often parallel. Belts may be used as a source of motion, to efficiently or to track relative movement.

Belts are looped over and may have a twist between the pulleys, and the shafts need not be parallel. In a two pulley system, the belt can either drive the pulleys normally in one direction (the same if on parallel shafts), or the belt may be crossed, so that the direction of the driven shaft is reversed (the opposite direction to the driver if on parallel shafts).

As a source of motion, a is one application where the belt is adapted to carry a load continuously between two points. A small section of a wide flat belt made of layers of leather with the fastener on one end, shown in an exhibit at the in Flat belts were widely used in the 19th and early 20th centuries in to transmit power in factories. They were also used in countless,, and applications, such as,,,, for filling or,, water (for, mines, or farm fields),. Flat belts are still used today, although not nearly as much as in the line-shaft era.

The flat belt is a simple system of power transmission that was well suited for its day. It can deliver high power at high speeds (500 hp at 10,000 ft/min, or 373 kW at 51 m/s), in cases of wide belts and large pulleys. But these wide-belt-large-pulley drives are bulky, consuming lots of space while requiring high tension, leading to high loads, and are poorly suited to close-centers applications, so V-belts have mainly replaced flat belts for short-distance power transmission; and longer-distance power transmission is typically no longer done with belts at all. For example, factory machines now tend to have individual electric motors. Because flat belts tend to climb towards the higher side of the pulley, pulleys were made with a slightly convex or 'crowned' surface (rather than flat) to allow the belt to self-center as it runs. Flat belts also tend to slip on the pulley face when heavy loads are applied, and many proprietary were available that could be applied to the belts to increase friction, and so power transmission. Flat belts were traditionally made of leather or fabric.

Today most are made of rubber or synthetic polymers. Grip of leather belts is often better if they are assembled with the hair side (outer side) of the leather against the pulley, although some belts are instead given a half-twist before joining the ends (forming a ), so that wear can be evenly distributed on both sides of the belt. Belts ends are joined by lacing the ends together with leather thonging (the oldest of the methods), steel comb fasteners and/or lacing, or by gluing or welding (in the case of polyurethane or polyester).

Flat belts were traditionally jointed, and still usually are, but they can also be made with endless construction. Testi po fizike 6 klass s otvetami d. Rope drives [ ] In the mid 19th century, British millwrights discovered that multi-grooved pulleys connected by outperformed flat pulleys connected by leather belts. Were occasionally used, but,, and rope saw the widest use. Typically, the rope connecting two pulleys with multiple V-grooves was spliced into a single loop that traveled along a path before being returned to its starting position by an that also served to maintain the tension on the rope. Sometimes, a single rope was used to transfer power from one multiple-groove drive pulley to several single- or multiple-groove driven pulleys in this way. In general, as with flat belts, rope drives were used for connections from to the and of mills, and sometimes from line shafts to driven machinery. Unlike leather belts, however, rope drives were sometimes used to transmit power over relatively long distances.

Over long distances, intermediate sheaves were used to support the 'flying rope', and in the late 19th century, this was considered quite efficient. Round belts [ ] Round belts are a circular cross section belt designed to run in a pulley with a 60 degree V-groove.